The Shimano FD-5700 [paid link] front derailleur from the 105 10-speed groupset is a reliable component when set up correctly. However, precise adjustment of the limit screws is essential to ensure smooth, accurate shifting and to prevent chain drop. Riders often overlook this step or misadjust the screws, which can compromise performance and lead to premature wear on the drivetrain. This guide will explain how the limit screws work, how to adjust them properly, and what to look for when fine-tuning your FD-5700 [paid link] front derailleur.
Understanding the Limit Screws on the FD-5700
The FD-5700 [paid link] derailleur has two limit screws, marked with an “L” and an “H.” These screws control the range of motion of the front derailleur cage.
- The L screw (Low limit): Sets the inward travel of the cage, determining how far it moves toward the small chainring. Proper adjustment prevents the chain from dropping inside the crank.
- The H screw (High limit): Sets the outward travel of the cage, determining how far it moves toward the large chainring. Correct adjustment ensures the chain shifts up cleanly without overshooting and dropping off the outside of the chainring.
When properly adjusted, these screws keep the derailleur aligned with the chainrings, ensuring reliable shifts without rubbing or derailment.
Tools Required
- 2 mm or 2.5 mm hex key (for cable anchor bolt, if readjustment is needed)
- Phillips screwdriver (for limit screws)
- Bike stand [paid link] or method to elevate the drivetrain for free pedaling
- Chain lube (optional, for smooth testing)
Preparing for Adjustment
Before touching the limit screws, it is essential to check that the derailleur is mounted correctly. The outer cage plate should sit parallel to the chainrings, and the bottom edge of the cage should clear the largest chainring by 1–3 mm. If the derailleur is misaligned, no amount of screw adjustment will deliver proper performance.
Cable tension should also be set properly before fine-tuning. If the cable is slack or overtightened, the derailleur will not move consistently within the limits you set.
Setting the Low Limit Screw (L)
- Shift the chain to the small chainring in the front and the largest cog in the rear. This position provides maximum inward chainline stress.
- Pedal the bike while observing the cage’s inner plate relative to the chain.
- Use the Phillips screwdriver to adjust the L screw. Turning the screw clockwise moves the cage outward, reducing inward travel. Turning it counterclockwise allows the cage to move further inward.
- The ideal setting is a clearance of 0.5–1 mm between the inner cage plate and the chain. This prevents rubbing while ensuring the derailleur does not push the chain off the inside of the chainring.
Setting the High Limit Screw (H)
- Shift the chain to the large chainring in the front and the smallest cog in the rear. This creates maximum outward chainline stress.
- While pedaling, observe the outer cage plate relative to the chain.
- Use the Phillips screwdriver to adjust the H screw. Turning the screw clockwise limits outward travel, preventing overshift. Turning it counterclockwise allows more outward motion.
- The correct adjustment leaves a 0.5–1 mm clearance between the outer cage plate and the chain, ensuring no rubbing while preventing the chain from overshooting the large ring.
Fine-Tuning for Smooth Shifting
After both screws are adjusted, shift repeatedly through the full gear range to check for any issues. If the chain hesitates or rubs in certain combinations, recheck the alignment of the derailleur and make small corrections to cable tension. The FD-5700 relies on precise balance between limit screw settings and cable pull, so patience during setup pays off in long-term performance.
A common mistake is over-tightening the limit screws. Doing so restricts derailleur movement too much, leading to missed shifts or excessive chain rub. Always make small, incremental adjustments and re-test under pedaling load.
Troubleshooting Common Limit Screw Issues
- Chain drops inside: The L screw is too loose, allowing excessive inward movement. Tighten gradually until the cage stops the chain at the small ring.
- Chain overshoots large chainring: The H screw is too loose, letting the cage move too far outward. Tighten carefully until shifting stops at the correct point.
- Persistent rubbing in big/big or small/small combinations: Verify derailleur alignment and cable tension. The FD-5700 is designed for cross-chaining tolerance, but improper setup can cause rub.
- Slow shifting up or down: Check cable tension before altering the limit screws. Many shifting delays come from a stretched cable, not screw adjustment.
Optimizing FD-5700 Limit Screw Adjustment
When set correctly, the FD-5700 front derailleur delivers crisp shifts even under moderate pedaling force. Riders seeking maximum performance should recheck the limit screws after the first few rides following installation. Cables can settle, causing small changes that affect shifting precision.
Regular inspection is also recommended during routine drivetrain maintenance. Cleaning and lubricating the derailleur pivot points can reduce friction and maintain accurate cage movement, keeping the limit screw settings consistent over time.
Conclusion
Limit screw adjustment is one of the most critical steps in setting up the Shimano FD-5700 front derailleur. By carefully balancing the low and high screw positions, riders can eliminate chain drop, overshift, and rubbing issues. With correct setup, the FD-5700 provides smooth and reliable front shifting, enhancing overall drivetrain performance and extending component life.